An absolute phrase is a noun or pronoun joined to a participle or another predicate part that adds a time, a cause, a condition, or a circumstance to a whole sentence. These 364 absolute phrase examples are written for present, past, and perfect participles, fixed expressions, sentence position, questions, and everyday contexts from home to sports. You get model sentences for formal writing, classroom practice, and exam preparation, together with related practice on participial phrases and independent clauses.
Quick Answer: Absolute Phrase Examples
- Time: The meeting over, the committee left the hall.
- Cause: The road being flooded, the bus took another route.
- Condition: Weather permitting, the match starts at noon.
- Circumstance: Mira sat by the window, her notebook open on her knees.
- Present participle: The kettle whistling, Dad turned off the stove.
- Past participle: Her speech finished, the mayor thanked the crowd.
- Perfect participle: The guests having arrived, the host served dinner.
- Omitted being: His shoes muddy, Karim stopped at the door.

Absolute Phrase Examples for Everyday Use
Before or after the main clause, an absolute phrase states a time, a cause, a condition, or a circumstance, as in “the rain having stopped”, “her bags packed”, and “her voice trembling”.
- The rain having stopped, we left the shelter.
- Arms folded, Hana waited by the door.
- The sun setting, the fishermen headed home.
- The clouds clearing, the match will start at two.
- Mateo stood at the window, his face red with anger.
- The work done, the crew went to lunch.
- Her bags packed, Salma called a taxi.
- The road being icy, the bus stayed in the depot.
- The children ran into the garden, their coats flapping behind them.
- Dinner over, the guests moved to the porch.
- Their luggage unpacked, the guests explored the cabin.
- Ravi sat quietly, his eyes fixed on the screen.
- The tide coming in, we packed the picnic.
- Her voice trembling, the girl read her poem.
- The final bell having rung, the caretaker locked the gym.
- The old dog lay by the fire, its tail wagging slowly.
- Their tickets bought, the twins hurried to the gate.
- His hands in his pockets, Omar strolled along the pier.
- The storm having passed, the farmers inspected their fields.
- The soup boiling, Ola set the table.
Participle Sentences with Absolute Phrases
The phrases are built on -ing forms, -ed forms, and having plus a past participle, as in “their supplies having run low”, “the door thrown open”, and “the teacher watching”.
Absolute Phrase Examples with Present Participles
Present participles name an action in progress, as in “the clock striking midnight”, “night falling fast”, and “the baby sleeping”.
- The clock striking midnight, the guests began to leave.
- The snow falling steadily, we stayed indoors.
- Her heart pounding, Ana opened the envelope.
- The engine roaring, the truck climbed the hill.
- Night falling fast, the hikers hurried to the camp.
- The crowd cheering wildly, the runner crossed the line.
- Dawn breaking, the fishing boats left the harbour.
- The kettle boiling, Dad searched for the tea bags.
- Their voices rising, the two neighbours argued over the fence.
- The baby sleeping, we whispered in the kitchen.
- The wind picking up, Lucia tied down the tent.
- Prices rising, many families cut their spending.
- The lights flickering, the audience held its breath.
- The teacher watching, the pupils worked in silence.
Absolute Phrase Examples with Past Participles
A past participle names a finished action, as in “her homework done”, “his speech given”, and “the letter sent”.
- Her homework done, Mei watched a film.
- The gate shut, the guard walked home.
- The tea made, Grandma sat down.
- The windows broken, the shop closed for a week.
- His speech given, the minister left the stage.
- The table set, the family waited for the guests.
- The decision made, nobody wanted to argue.
- The bridge destroyed, the villagers crossed by boat.
- Our luggage lost, we bought clothes at the airport.
- The letter sent, Rosa felt calm again.
- The cake baked, Tom started the icing.
- The lesson ended, the students packed their bags.
- The door thrown open, a cold wind swept in.
- The tickets sold out, the fans went home.
Absolute Phrase Examples with Perfect Participles
Having plus a past participle names an action completed before the main clause, as in “the guests having left”, “her train having been delayed”, and “the passengers having boarded”.
- The guests having left, Maria cleaned the kitchen.
- The sun having set, the market began to close.
- The money having run out, the project stopped.
- The team having scored twice, the coach relaxed.
- Her train having been delayed, Zainab missed the opening.
- The judge having spoken, the court fell silent.
- The ice having melted, the river rose quickly.
- The children having gone to bed, the parents watched a film.
- The passengers having boarded, the ferry left the quay.
- The last page having been printed, the editor went home.
- Their supplies having run low, the climbers turned back.
- The storm having damaged the roof, the owners called a builder.
Predicate Sentences with Absolute Phrases
After the noun, the phrase continues with an adjective, a noun phrase, or a prepositional phrase, as in “the lake in perfect stillness”, “their hands black with soot”, and “shoulders squared”.
Absolute Phrase Examples with Omitted Being
Without the participle being, the noun is followed directly by its predicate part, as in “her hair wet”, “the shop dark”, and “shoulders squared”.
- Her hair wet, Sana ran to the bus stop.
- His shoes covered in mud, Ben knocked at the door.
- Head down, the boy walked past the principal.
- Eyes closed, the singer swayed to the music.
- The shop dark, we turned back.
- His coat over his arm, Mr Lee entered the hall.
- Their faces tired, the hikers reached the hut.
- The room silent, the speaker began.
- Her suitcase in her hand, Leila crossed the platform.
- Shoulders squared, he faced the judges.
- The windows open, the room smelled of rain.
- Hands full of bags, she kicked the door shut.
- The street empty, the cat crossed in peace.
- Her scarf around her neck, Anya stepped into the snow.
Absolute Phrase Examples with Adjective and Prepositional Parts
Each phrase ends in an adjective or a prepositional phrase, as in “her face red with anger”, “their hands black with soot”, and “her coat white with snow”.
- Her face red with anger, she left the meeting.
- His eyes wide with surprise, Tomas read the letter again.
- Her cheeks pink from the cold, Nina came inside.
- His mouth full of bread, Dad could not answer.
- Their hands black with soot, the miners left the shaft.
- Her voice thick with emotion, the winner thanked her family.
- The sky grey with clouds, we cancelled the picnic.
- His pockets heavy with coins, the boy skipped to the shop.
- The house quiet after the party, Rosa fell asleep on the sofa.
- Her coat white with snow, Anya stamped her boots at the door.
- The village under heavy snow, drivers moved slowly.
- His shirt wet with sweat, the runner collapsed on the grass.
- The lake in perfect stillness, the fishermen cast their lines.
- Their legs sore from the climb, the hikers rested at the top.
Fixed Expression Sentences with Absolute Phrases
Fixed expressions such as “weather permitting”, “all things considered”, and “funds permitting” begin sentences about conditions and judgements.
- Weather permitting, the festival will go ahead on Saturday.
- Time permitting, I will visit the old fort.
- God willing, we will meet again next year.
- All things considered, the team played well.
- Traffic allowing, we should arrive by six.
- Everything else being equal, the cheaper plan wins.
- Funds permitting, the school will build a library.
- Health permitting, my grandfather will visit us in spring.
- Conditions permitting, the pilot will land at dawn.
- Wind and tide permitting, the ferry will sail at dawn.
Time Sentences with Absolute Phrases
Naming a time, the phrase states which event ended before the main action, as in “the meeting over”, “the last guest gone”, and “his shift over”.
- The meeting over, everyone left the room.
- Breakfast eaten, the family set off for the lake.
- The exam done, the students celebrated in the park.
- The movie over, the audience filed out.
- The last guest gone, Hana locked the door.
- Winter over, the farmers started planting.
- The ceremony having concluded, the band began to play.
- Lunch eaten, the hikers resumed the climb.
- The speeches over, the dancing began.
- His shift over, Hamid took the bus home.
- Her call done, she returned to the table.
- The race run, the athletes shook hands.
- The sun now up, the market stalls opened.
- Supper cleared away, the grandfather told a story.
Cause Sentences with Absolute Phrases
For cause, the phrase names the reason for the main action, as in “the lake being frozen”, “money being short”, and “the power gone”.
- The lake being frozen, the ferry stopped running.
- The shops being shut, we ate at home.
- Her phone dead, Dana asked a stranger for directions.
- The bus having broken down, the passengers walked.
- Money being short, they delayed the wedding.
- The stadium being full, thousands waited outside.
- The river rising fast, the villagers moved uphill.
- His leg injured, Kofi sat out the season.
- The tickets being expensive, many fans stayed home.
- Her car being in the garage, Ines took the train.
- The power gone, the class continued by candlelight.
- The visa not approved, Idris could not travel.
- The weather being so hot, the match began at dusk.
- The teacher being absent, the class studied in the library.
Condition Sentences with Absolute Phrases
Before the main action, the condition in the phrase must be met, as in “the weather holding”, “no one objecting”, and “funds being approved”.
- The weather holding, the boats will leave at six.
- The tide being right, we can cross to the island at noon.
- The bank agreeing, the couple will buy the house.
- No one objecting, the committee will approve the plan.
- Her health allowing, my aunt will join the hike.
- The ice thick enough, the villagers will cross the lake.
- Funds being approved, work will begin in May.
- The wind staying calm, the balloon will rise at dawn.
- The tickets arriving on time, we will fly on Friday.
- The road still open, the convoy will reach the camp by night.
Circumstance Sentences with Absolute Phrases
Alongside the main action, the phrase describes what is happening, as in “head held high”, “a book under his arm”, and “its load swaying”.
- She entered the room, head held high.
- The soldiers marched past, their boots pounding the road.
- Mira sat on the steps, her chin in her hands.
- The old man walked slowly, his cane tapping on the stones.
- The children sat in a circle, their eyes fixed on the storyteller.
- The boy stood in the doorway, a book under his arm.
- The dancers spun across the stage, skirts flying.
- He left the hall, a smile on his face.
- Grandma listened to the radio, her knitting in her lap.
- The truck rattled along the road, its load swaying.
- We drove through the valley, the windows down.
- Tariq answered the question, his voice calm.
- The cat crossed the lawn, its tail high.
- The swimmers waited at the edge, goggles on.
Absolute Phrase Sentences After With
With is followed by a noun and its predicate part, as in “her arms folded”, “her eyes on the floor”, and “the television off”.
- She waited by the door with her arms folded.
- He ran down the hill with his coat flying behind him.
- Dad drove with the radio playing softly.
- The boy slept with his mouth open.
- Lena spoke with her eyes on the floor.
- They watched the fireworks with their feet in the water.
- Anya sat at the table with her pencil poised.
- The old man stood with his hat in his hand.
- The kids ate dinner with the television off.
- The farmer worked all day with the sun beating down.
- The cat sat on the sill with its tail curled around its paws.
- Tom stormed out with his bag half packed.
Position Sentences with Absolute Phrases
Absolute phrases appear at the start, in the middle, and at the end of a sentence, as in “one hand on the wheel”, “flowers covering the stage”, and “the orchestra tuned”.
Absolute Phrase Examples at the Start of a Sentence
Opening the sentence, the phrase comes before the subject of the main clause, as in “the rain stopping”, “the floodwater rising”, and “their duty done”.
- The rain stopping, a pale sun came out.
- His speech over, the mayor sat down to loud applause.
- The sky darkening, Nora hurried to close the shutters.
- Our tent pitched, we cooked supper over a small fire.
- The floodwater rising, the family moved upstairs.
- Her shift over, the nurse walked slowly to the station.
- The doors thrown open, a crowd poured into the hall.
- The coffee gone, Ben washed the cups.
- Their duty done, the guards returned to the barracks.
- Night coming on, the shepherd gathered his flock.
- The papers signed, the buyers received the keys.
- The orchestra tuned, the conductor raised his baton.
Absolute Phrase Examples in the Middle of a Sentence
Inside the sentence, the phrase follows the opening noun, as in “her speech over”, “their faces smeared with jam”, and “her rounds complete”.
- The mayor, her speech over, left the stage.
- The goalkeeper, his gloves soaked, still caught the ball.
- Rosa, her bags packed, waited for the taxi.
- The children, their faces smeared with jam, ran into the garden.
- The old fisherman, his net mended, pushed the boat into the water.
- My uncle, his patience gone, shouted at the referee.
- Dr Reyes, her rounds complete, drove home through the rain.
- The soldiers, their rifles slung, crossed the bridge.
- The pilot, the engines humming, announced the final descent.
- Our neighbour, his ladder against the wall, painted the shutters.
Absolute Phrase Examples at the End of a Sentence
Closing the sentence, the phrase follows the main clause, as in “flowers covering the stage”, “arms raised in triumph”, and “its eyes half closed”.
- The dancer bowed, flowers covering the stage.
- Idris sat on the porch, a mug of tea in his hand.
- The convoy crossed the desert, dust rising behind it.
- The twins grinned, their cheeks streaked with paint.
- She spoke calmly, her hands steady on the table.
- The ship sailed into the bay, its flags snapping in the wind.
- The runner crossed the line, arms raised in triumph.
- The students left the lab, their notebooks full of data.
- The cat purred on the cushion, its eyes half closed.
- A lone sailor stood on the deck, one hand on the wheel.
- We walked down the beach, the waves washing over our feet.
- The teacher waited at the door, a stack of papers under her arm.
Subject Sentences with Absolute Phrases
Every phrase has its own subject noun, which is a common noun, a pronoun, or a longer noun phrase, as in “her fingers numb with cold”, “it being late”, and “the alarm ringing”.
Absolute Phrase Examples with Noun Subjects
Each phrase has a noun of its own, as in “the bus arriving late”, “the snow melting”, and “the curtain rising”.
- The bus arriving late, Sam missed his appointment.
- The waiter bringing the bill, we reached for our wallets.
- The lights going out, the audience gasped.
- The teacher’s back turned, the pupils began to whisper.
- The snow melting, the river swelled.
- The music playing softly, the couple danced.
- The ball rolling into the street, a driver braked hard.
- The kettle whistling, Anya ran to the stove.
- The curtain rising, the audience fell silent.
- The clock striking nine, the shop assistant turned the sign.
- Her mother calling from downstairs, Mei hid her phone.
- The alarm ringing, the neighbours rushed outside.
Absolute Phrase Examples with Pronoun Subjects
Subject pronouns name the doer inside the phrase, as in “he being the only guide”, “we having arrived late”, and “he having left”.
- He being the only guide, we followed him through the cave.
- She having finished early, the others applauded.
- They being tired, the guide stopped the walk.
- We having arrived late, the doors were already closed.
- It being Sunday, the shops were shut.
- I being the oldest, the others asked me to speak.
- He having left, the room felt empty.
- She being a nurse, the neighbours called her first.
- They having won, the town held a parade.
- It being late, we said goodnight.
Absolute Phrase Examples with Modifiers
Adverbs and prepositional phrases extend the phrase, as in “the old house standing empty for years”, “the shop windows glowing in the early dusk”, and “every seat taken and the aisles crowded”.
- The old house standing empty for years, the council finally bought it.
- Her eyes fixed on the distant mountains, Zara forgot the noise around her.
- The last bus having left ten minutes earlier, we walked home in the dark.
- Their shoes still wet from the river, the hikers sat by the fire.
- The shop windows glowing in the early dusk, the street felt warm.
- A heavy bag slung over his shoulder, Kenji hurried up the steps.
- The prize money divided equally among the winners, nobody complained.
- Her speech carefully prepared the night before, Layla felt calm.
- The audience clapping loudly and rhythmically, the band played another song.
- The garden covered with a thick layer of frost, the gardener stayed indoors.
- His old car running again after weeks in the garage, Hugo drove to the coast.
- The village’s only road blocked by a fallen tree, the ambulance took the river path.
- Every seat taken and the aisles crowded, latecomers watched from the doorway.
- Her fingers numb with cold, Sana struggled with the zipper.
Negative Sentences with Absolute Phrases
Negation uses not or no inside the phrase, as in “the bus not having arrived”, “nothing remaining to say”, and “no taxis available”.
- The bus not having arrived, we walked to school.
- No one being home, the postman left a note.
- The shop not yet open, we waited outside.
- Her flight not having been confirmed, Nina stayed home.
- Nothing remaining to say, the chairman closed the meeting.
- The lights not working, we lit candles.
- No taxis available, Ravi called his brother.
- The test not yet finished, the teacher gave ten more minutes.
- His name not on the list, the guard refused entry.
- The road not having been cleared, trucks turned back.
Question Sentences with Absolute Phrases
In questions, the phrase comes first and the question follows, as in “the rain having stopped”, “weather permitting”, and “all things considered”.
- The rain having stopped, shall we walk to the lake?
- Dinner eaten, who will wash the dishes?
- The tickets bought, when do we leave?
- Weather permitting, will you join us on Saturday?
- The exam over, what will you do first?
- Her homework done, may Lena go outside?
- All things considered, was the trip worth the cost?
- The shops being closed, where should we eat?
- Time permitting, do you want to see the lighthouse?
- The meeting over, who has the keys?
Passive and Reported Sentences with Absolute Phrases
Passive clauses and reported statements are paired with the phrase, as in “the glass swept up”, “her coat torn”, and “weather permitting”.
- The glass swept up, the shop was reopened by the owner.
- The report having been read, the plan was approved.
- The last card played, the winner was announced by the host.
- Her coat torn, the child was taken home by a neighbour.
- The bridge repaired, the road was reopened.
- She said that, the work done, she would go home.
- The coach told us that, weather permitting, practice would continue.
- Omar explained that, his bags packed, he was ready to leave.
- The guide announced that, the storm having passed, the hike would resume.
- Mina replied that, time permitting, she would join us later.
Context Sentences with Absolute Phrases
The eight settings are houses, classrooms, offices, stations, newsrooms, stories, stadiums, and clinics.
Absolute Phrase Examples for Home Life
At home, the sentences describe cooking, sleeping, and cleaning, as in “dinner cooked”, “the dishes washed”, and “the laundry folded”.
- Dinner cooked, Dad called everyone to the table.
- The baby asleep, we tiptoed down the hall.
- Her sleeves rolled up, Grandma began to bake.
- The dishes washed, the twins settled on the sofa.
- The heating broken, the family wore coats indoors.
- Mum sat at the kitchen table, her tea going cold.
- The laundry folded, Lucia put the basket away.
- Dad snoring in his chair, the children whispered.
- The lights off, the whole house was quiet.
Absolute Phrase Examples for School Life
In the classroom, the sentences describe lessons and tests, as in “the bell having rung”, “the projector broken”, and “the principal watching”.
- The bell having rung, the pupils filed out.
- Her hand raised, Zoe waited for the teacher.
- The test papers collected, Mr Obi dismissed the class.
- The projector broken, the teacher drew on the board.
- Classes over, the students gathered in the yard.
- The boy sat at his desk, his pencil tapping.
- The principal watching, nobody spoke in the corridor.
- Homework forgotten, Dev asked for more time.
- The library shut, the students studied in the hall.
Absolute Phrase Examples for Work
At work, the sentences describe deadlines and meetings, as in “the deadline approaching”, “the meeting running long”, and “the printer broken”.
- The deadline approaching, the team stayed late.
- The contract signed, the manager shook hands with the client.
- Her laptop open, Ines answered emails on the train.
- The meeting running long, several people checked their phones.
- Sales rising, the company hired six new staff.
- The report submitted, Omar took a day off.
- The printer broken, the office manager called a technician.
- Their budget cut, the department postponed the launch.
- Priya typed quickly, her eyes on the clock.
Absolute Phrase Examples for Travel
On a journey, the sentences describe flights, trains, and roads, as in “the plane landing”, “luggage in hand”, and “hotel booked”.
- The plane landing, the passengers fastened their belts.
- Our passports checked, we walked through the gate.
- The train delayed, travellers waited in the cafe.
- Luggage in hand, Hana ran for the bus.
- The map open on his knees, Tariq guided the driver.
- The ferry leaving at dawn, we woke before the sun.
- Hotel booked, we explored the old market.
- The road blocked, the coach took a long detour.
- We crossed the desert, our water running low.
Absolute Phrase Examples for News Reports
In news reports, the sentences describe votes, storms, and talks, as in “the votes counted”, “the talks having failed”, and “hundreds of volunteers helping”.
- The votes counted, the mayor claimed victory.
- The storm having weakened, officials lifted the warning.
- Rescue crews working through the night, the town waited for news.
- The talks having failed, both sides left the room.
- Prices up again, shoppers cut their spending.
- The fire brought under control, residents returned home.
- Hundreds of volunteers helping, the clean-up finished early.
- The highway blocked, police redirected traffic.
- The new law approved, the ministry published the rules.
Absolute Phrase Examples for Stories
Across stories, the sentences describe night scenes and battles, as in “the moon rising”, “night having fallen”, and “her eyes glittering”.
- The moon rising, the wolves began to howl.
- Her sword raised, the knight faced the dragon.
- The door creaking open, Pip peered into the cellar.
- Night having fallen, the travellers lit a fire.
- Hearts pounding, the children crept toward the cave.
- The spell broken, the prince woke at last.
- The old witch laughed, her eyes glittering.
- The map torn in half, the brothers argued about the treasure.
- All hope lost, the sailors prayed for dawn.
Absolute Phrase Examples for Sports
On the pitch, the sentences describe matches and the final whistle, as in “the whistle blown”, “his ankle sprained”, and “her race won”.
- The whistle blown, the players left the field.
- Time running out, the coach called a timeout.
- The crowd roaring, Lena stepped up to take the penalty.
- His ankle sprained, Marco left the pitch on a stretcher.
- The final lap beginning, the leader pulled ahead.
- The score tied, the match went into extra time.
- Her race won, Amina raised both arms.
- The referee watching closely, the defenders kept their hands down.
- The swimmer climbed out, water streaming from her hair.
Absolute Phrase Examples for Health
At the clinic, the sentences describe patients and treatments, as in “the test results back”, “her pulse racing”, and “hands washed”.
- The test results back, the doctor called the family.
- His fever gone, Ali returned to school.
- The wound cleaned, the nurse applied a bandage.
- Her pulse racing, the patient lay still.
- The treatment over, Mrs Kim went home to rest.
- Her leg in a cast, Daria used crutches for a month.
- Hands washed, the surgeon entered the theatre.
- The medicine taken, the boy slept well.
- His cough improving, the doctor reduced the dose.
Kids and Student Sentences with Absolute Phrases
Levels range from short openers for beginners to formal sentences for exam answers.
Absolute Phrase Examples for Kids
Everyday words make up the phrases for kids, as in “our lunch eaten”, “his kite flying high”, and “our work done”.
- Our lunch eaten, we played outside.
- Her hands full, Mum opened the door with her foot.
- The sun shining, the kids ran to the park.
- His kite flying high, Ben laughed.
- The dog barking, the cat ran up a tree.
- The bell ringing, we lined up at the door.
- Our work done, we got a sticker.
- The rain gone, we splashed in puddles.
- Her bag packed, Mia waited for the bus.
- The snow falling, we built a snowman.
Short Absolute Phrase Sentences for Beginners
Beginners start with two-word phrases, as in “lunch over”, “hands clean”, and “school over”.
- Lunch over, we play.
- Work done, she rests.
- Sun up, birds sing.
- Hands clean, we eat.
- Rain gone, we run.
- Bags packed, we go.
- School over, we cheer.
- Eyes shut, he sleeps.
- Dinner ready, we sit.
- Door shut, we wait.
Absolute Phrase Examples for Exams
Exam answers use formal wording, as in “the evidence being incomplete”, “several witnesses contradicting one another”, and “her argument firmly established”.
- The evidence being incomplete, the committee postponed its ruling until spring.
- Funding having been withdrawn, the research team abandoned the experiment.
- The hypothesis confirmed, the scientists published their results.
- Several witnesses contradicting one another, the investigation took months.
- The treaty having been signed, both nations withdrew their troops.
- Prices continuing to rise, the government introduced new controls.
- Her argument firmly established, the author turned to the counterclaim.
- The final results announced, the commission closed its inquiry.
- The data collected over three years, the analysts drew their conclusions.
- Public support growing, the council reversed its earlier decision.
FAQs
Some absolute phrase examples in a sentence are "The rain having stopped, we left the shelter," "Arms folded, Hana waited by the door," and "The meeting over, everyone left the room." Each phrase has its own noun and a participle or another predicate part, and none of the three needs a conjunction. The three sentences state two times and a circumstance for the main clause.
You use an absolute phrase in a sentence at the start, in the middle, or at the end of the main clause. "His speech over, the mayor sat down to loud applause" has it first, "The mayor, her speech over, left the stage" has it in the middle, and "The dancer bowed, flowers covering the stage" has it last.
Absolute phrase examples with present participles use an -ing form for an action in progress. "The clock striking midnight, the guests began to leave" and "The snow falling steadily, we stayed indoors" are two models. "Her heart pounding, Ana opened the envelope" adds a feeling to the action.
Absolute phrase examples with past participles name an action that is already finished. "Her homework done, Mei watched a film" and "The gate shut, the guard walked home" are two models. "The tea made, Grandma sat down" follows the same order.
Absolute phrase examples with perfect participles use having plus a past participle for an action completed before the main clause. "The guests having left, Maria cleaned the kitchen" and "The sun having set, the market began to close" are two models. "The money having run out, the project stopped" states a cause.
Absolute phrase examples of time and cause answer the questions when and why. "The meeting over, everyone left the room" states a time, and "The lake being frozen, the ferry stopped running" states a cause. "Breakfast eaten, the family set off for the lake" and "The shops being shut, we ate at home" are two more pairs.
Absolute phrase examples with weather permitting state a condition for the main clause. "Weather permitting, the festival will go ahead on Saturday" and "Time permitting, I will visit the old fort" are two models. "God willing, we will meet again next year" is a third fixed expression.
Absolute phrase examples after with pair a noun with its predicate part. "She waited by the door with her arms folded" and "Dad drove with the radio playing softly" are two models. "He ran down the hill with his coat flying behind him" adds a moving object.
Absolute phrase examples for kids use everyday words and short sentences. "Our lunch eaten, we played outside" and "The sun shining, the kids ran to the park" are two models. "Lunch over, we play" is a shorter sentence for beginners.
Absolute phrase examples in negative sentences contain not or no inside the phrase, and examples in questions end in a question mark. "The bus not having arrived, we walked to school" and "No one being home, the postman left a note" are negative models. "The rain having stopped, shall we walk to the lake?" is a question model.
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